A 10-Gb/s, 0.03-mm², 1.28-pJ/bit Half-Rate Injection-Locked CDR with Path Mismatch Tracking Loop in a 28-nm CMOS Technology

A 10-Gb/s, 0.03-mm², 1.28-pJ/bit half-rate all-digital injection-locked clock and data recovery (ILCDR) with a path mismatch tracking (PMT) loop is presented. When injection timing is not perfectly aligned with the phase of the oscillator, the timing margin of the data sampler is reduced, resulting in the degradation of jitter tolerance (JTOL) performance. The proposed ILCDR achieves robust injection behavior over path mismatch variations by correlating the error information from the phase detector (PD) in the conventional phase-locked loop (PLL)-based CDR with the polarity of the data transition, thereby adapting the path delay of the injection pulse and placing it at the optimum timing. Fabricated in 28-nm CMOS technology, the proposed ILCDR occupies 0.03 mm² and consumes 12.8 mW at 10 Gb/s with a 0.9-V supply voltage. The measured JTOL is 1 UIpp at 31 MHz with the target bit error rate (BER) of 10-12 in the presence of the initial path delay mismatch.