Abstract
Most somatic mutations that arise during normal development are present at low levels in single or multiple tissues depending on the developmental stage and affected organs. However, the effect of human developmental stages or mutations of different organs on the features of somatic mutations is still unclear. Here, we performed a systemic and comprehensive analysis of low-level somatic mutations using deep whole-exome sequencing (average read depth ∼500×) of 498 multiple organ tissues with matched controls from 190 individuals. Our results showed that early clone-forming mutations shared between multiple organs were lower in number but showed higher allele frequencies than late cloneforming mutations [0.54 vs. 5.83 variants per individual; 6.17% vs. 1.5% variant allele frequency (VAF)] along with less nonsynonymous mutations and lower functional impacts. Additionally, early and late clone-forming mutations had unique mutational signatures that were distinct from mutations that originated from tumors. Compared with early clone-forming mutations that showed a clock-like signature across all organs or tissues studied, late clone-forming mutations showed organ, tissue, and cell-type specificity in the mutation counts, VAFs, and mutational signatures. In particular, analysis of brain somatic mutations showed a bimodal occurrence and temporal-lobe-specific signature. These findings provide new insights into the features of somatic mosaicism that are dependent on developmental stage and brain regions.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e1010404 |
| Journal | PLoS Genetics |
| Volume | 18 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2022 Sept 19 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2019R1A2C2008050 to S. K.), Team Science Award of Yonsei University College of Medicine (grant/award number: 6-2021-0007 to S. K.), the Suh Kyungbae Foundation (to J.H.L.), a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) (No. 2019R1A3B2066619 to J.H.L), the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) and Korea Dementia Research Center (KDRC), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea (grant number : HU21C0286). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
Funding:Thisresearchwassupportedbythe NationalResearchFoundationofKorea(NRF)grant fundedbytheKoreagovernment(MSIT)(No. 2019R1A2C2008050toS.K.),TeamScience AwardofYonseiUniversityCollegeofMedicine (grant/awardnumber:6-2021-0007toS.K.),the SuhKyungbaeFoundation(toJ.H.L.),aNational ResearchFoundationofKorea(NRF)grantfunded bytheKoreanMinistryofScienceandInformation andCommunicationTechnology(ICT)(No. 2019R1A3B2066619toJ.H.L),theKoreaHealth TechnologyR&DProjectthroughtheKoreaHealth IndustryDevelopmentInstitute(KHIDI)andKorea DementiaResearchCenter(KDRC),fundedbythe MinistryofHealth&WelfareandMinistryof ScienceandICT,RepublicofKorea(grantnumber: HU21C0286).Thefundershadnoroleinstudy design,datacollectionandanalysis,decisionto publish,orpreparationofthemanuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Kim et al.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Genetics(clinical)
- Cancer Research
