Control of Host-Matrix Morphology Enables Efficient Deep-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Devices

Haonan Zhao; Jongchan Kim; Kan Ding; Mina Jung; Yongxi Li; Harald Ade; Jun Yeob Lee; Stephen R. Forrest

doi:10.1002/adma.202210794

Control of Host-Matrix Morphology Enables Efficient Deep-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Devices

Haonan Zhao, Jongchan Kim, Kan Ding, Mina Jung, Yongxi Li, Harald Ade, Jun Yeob Lee, Stephen R. Forrest

Department of Integrated Display Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Mixing a sterically bulky, electron-transporting host material into a conventional single host–guest emissive layer is demonstrated to suppress phase separation of the host matrix while increasing the efficiency and operational lifetime of deep-blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with chromaticity coordinates of (0.14, 0.15). The bulky host enables homogenous mixing of the molecules comprising the emissive layer while suppressing single host aggregation; a significant loss channel of nonradiative recombination. By controlling the amorphous phase of the host-matrix morphology, the mixed-host device achieves a significant reduction in nonradiative exciton decay, resulting in 120 ± 6% increase in external quantum efficiency relative to an analogous, single-host device. In contrast to single host PHOLEDs where electrons are transported by the host and holes by the dopants, both charge carriers are conducted by the mixed host, reducing the probability of exciton annihilation, thereby doubling of the deep-blue PHOLED operational lifetime. These findings demonstrate that the host matrix morphology affects almost every aspect of PHOLED performance.

Original language	English
Journal	Advanced Materials
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202210794
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
H.Z. and J.K. contributed equally to this work. The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, award No. DE‐EE0009688 (J.K., device design). The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. (J.K., H.Z., S.R.F., data collection and analysis) and Universal Display Corporation (J.K., lifetime studies). The authors thank the Lurie Nano Fabrication Facility at the University of Michigan for supporting the device processes. J.Y.L. acknowledges support from the Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (20018956). X‐ray data acquisition and manuscript preparation by H.A. and K.D. are supported by ONR grant N000142012155. X‐ray data were acquired at the Advanced Light Source, which was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE‐AC02‐05CH11231.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Materials Science(all)
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering

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10.1002/adma.202210794

Cite this

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title = "Control of Host-Matrix Morphology Enables Efficient Deep-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Devices",

abstract = "Mixing a sterically bulky, electron-transporting host material into a conventional single host–guest emissive layer is demonstrated to suppress phase separation of the host matrix while increasing the efficiency and operational lifetime of deep-blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with chromaticity coordinates of (0.14, 0.15). The bulky host enables homogenous mixing of the molecules comprising the emissive layer while suppressing single host aggregation; a significant loss channel of nonradiative recombination. By controlling the amorphous phase of the host-matrix morphology, the mixed-host device achieves a significant reduction in nonradiative exciton decay, resulting in 120 ± 6% increase in external quantum efficiency relative to an analogous, single-host device. In contrast to single host PHOLEDs where electrons are transported by the host and holes by the dopants, both charge carriers are conducted by the mixed host, reducing the probability of exciton annihilation, thereby doubling of the deep-blue PHOLED operational lifetime. These findings demonstrate that the host matrix morphology affects almost every aspect of PHOLED performance.",

author = "Haonan Zhao and Jongchan Kim and Kan Ding and Mina Jung and Yongxi Li and Harald Ade and Lee, {Jun Yeob} and Forrest, {Stephen R.}",

note = "Funding Information: H.Z. and J.K. contributed equally to this work. The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, award No. DE‐EE0009688 (J.K., device design). The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. (J.K., H.Z., S.R.F., data collection and analysis) and Universal Display Corporation (J.K., lifetime studies). The authors thank the Lurie Nano Fabrication Facility at the University of Michigan for supporting the device processes. J.Y.L. acknowledges support from the Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (20018956). X‐ray data acquisition and manuscript preparation by H.A. and K.D. are supported by ONR grant N000142012155. X‐ray data were acquired at the Advanced Light Source, which was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE‐AC02‐05CH11231. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.",

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doi = "10.1002/adma.202210794",

language = "English",

journal = "Advanced Materials",

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AU - Li, Yongxi

AU - Ade, Harald

AU - Lee, Jun Yeob

AU - Forrest, Stephen R.

N1 - Funding Information: H.Z. and J.K. contributed equally to this work. The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, award No. DE‐EE0009688 (J.K., device design). The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Energy or the United States Government. (J.K., H.Z., S.R.F., data collection and analysis) and Universal Display Corporation (J.K., lifetime studies). The authors thank the Lurie Nano Fabrication Facility at the University of Michigan for supporting the device processes. J.Y.L. acknowledges support from the Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (20018956). X‐ray data acquisition and manuscript preparation by H.A. and K.D. are supported by ONR grant N000142012155. X‐ray data were acquired at the Advanced Light Source, which was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE‐AC02‐05CH11231. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Mixing a sterically bulky, electron-transporting host material into a conventional single host–guest emissive layer is demonstrated to suppress phase separation of the host matrix while increasing the efficiency and operational lifetime of deep-blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with chromaticity coordinates of (0.14, 0.15). The bulky host enables homogenous mixing of the molecules comprising the emissive layer while suppressing single host aggregation; a significant loss channel of nonradiative recombination. By controlling the amorphous phase of the host-matrix morphology, the mixed-host device achieves a significant reduction in nonradiative exciton decay, resulting in 120 ± 6% increase in external quantum efficiency relative to an analogous, single-host device. In contrast to single host PHOLEDs where electrons are transported by the host and holes by the dopants, both charge carriers are conducted by the mixed host, reducing the probability of exciton annihilation, thereby doubling of the deep-blue PHOLED operational lifetime. These findings demonstrate that the host matrix morphology affects almost every aspect of PHOLED performance.

AB - Mixing a sterically bulky, electron-transporting host material into a conventional single host–guest emissive layer is demonstrated to suppress phase separation of the host matrix while increasing the efficiency and operational lifetime of deep-blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with chromaticity coordinates of (0.14, 0.15). The bulky host enables homogenous mixing of the molecules comprising the emissive layer while suppressing single host aggregation; a significant loss channel of nonradiative recombination. By controlling the amorphous phase of the host-matrix morphology, the mixed-host device achieves a significant reduction in nonradiative exciton decay, resulting in 120 ± 6% increase in external quantum efficiency relative to an analogous, single-host device. In contrast to single host PHOLEDs where electrons are transported by the host and holes by the dopants, both charge carriers are conducted by the mixed host, reducing the probability of exciton annihilation, thereby doubling of the deep-blue PHOLED operational lifetime. These findings demonstrate that the host matrix morphology affects almost every aspect of PHOLED performance.

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Control of Host-Matrix Morphology Enables Efficient Deep-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Devices

Abstract

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