Abstract
In emulsifier-free, emulsion polymerization with ionizable comonomer, the ionization of the comonomer is critical in determining the size of the final polymeric particles at sub-micrometer scale. In this study, polystyrene latex beads with carboxylates on the surface were synthesized using acrylic acid as a comonomer. Specifically, ammonium hydroxide was added to the emulsifier-free polymerization system to promote the ionization of acrylic acid by increasing pH. Smaller polystyrene latex particles were produced by increasing the ammonium hydroxide concentration in the reaction system, due to the enhanced stability promoted by the ionization of acrylic acid during the nucleation step. In addition, the surface morphology of the polystyrene latex particles was controlled by the concentration of acrylic acid, the dissociation of which was influenced by the ammonium hydroxide concentration.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 397-402 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Macromolecular Research |
| Volume | 17 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2009 Jan 1 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- Organic Chemistry
- Polymers and Plastics
- Materials Chemistry
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Controlling the size and surface morphology of carboxylated polystyrene latex particles by ammonium hydroxide in emulsifier-free polymerization. / Dong, Hyunbae; Lee, Sangyup; Yi, Gi Ra.
In: Macromolecular Research, Vol. 17, No. 6, 01.01.2009, p. 397-402.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Controlling the size and surface morphology of carboxylated polystyrene latex particles by ammonium hydroxide in emulsifier-free polymerization
AU - Dong, Hyunbae
AU - Lee, Sangyup
AU - Yi, Gi Ra
PY - 2009/1/1
Y1 - 2009/1/1
N2 - In emulsifier-free, emulsion polymerization with ionizable comonomer, the ionization of the comonomer is critical in determining the size of the final polymeric particles at sub-micrometer scale. In this study, polystyrene latex beads with carboxylates on the surface were synthesized using acrylic acid as a comonomer. Specifically, ammonium hydroxide was added to the emulsifier-free polymerization system to promote the ionization of acrylic acid by increasing pH. Smaller polystyrene latex particles were produced by increasing the ammonium hydroxide concentration in the reaction system, due to the enhanced stability promoted by the ionization of acrylic acid during the nucleation step. In addition, the surface morphology of the polystyrene latex particles was controlled by the concentration of acrylic acid, the dissociation of which was influenced by the ammonium hydroxide concentration.
AB - In emulsifier-free, emulsion polymerization with ionizable comonomer, the ionization of the comonomer is critical in determining the size of the final polymeric particles at sub-micrometer scale. In this study, polystyrene latex beads with carboxylates on the surface were synthesized using acrylic acid as a comonomer. Specifically, ammonium hydroxide was added to the emulsifier-free polymerization system to promote the ionization of acrylic acid by increasing pH. Smaller polystyrene latex particles were produced by increasing the ammonium hydroxide concentration in the reaction system, due to the enhanced stability promoted by the ionization of acrylic acid during the nucleation step. In addition, the surface morphology of the polystyrene latex particles was controlled by the concentration of acrylic acid, the dissociation of which was influenced by the ammonium hydroxide concentration.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=68149160950&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=68149160950&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/BF03218880
DO - 10.1007/BF03218880
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:68149160950
VL - 17
SP - 397
EP - 402
JO - Macromolecular Research
JF - Macromolecular Research
SN - 1598-5032
IS - 6
ER -