Cytotocixity and hydrophilicity of polyvinylsiloxane impression materials according to the addition of non-ionic surfactants

To increase the hydrophilic property of polyvinylsiloxane(PVS) impression materials, the hydrophilic property can be increased by adding a surfactant. Non-ionic surfactants have been added to rubber impression materials to improve hydrophilicity. Nonetheless, due to the toxicity of surfactants and the characteristic of PVS impression materials that is hardened upon contacting with oral tissues, toxicity and sensitivity to oral tissues have been a problem. In our study, efforts have been made to develop PVS impression materials with optimal hydrophilicity by preparing PVS impression materials with various concentrations of diverse types of non-ionic surfactants and comparing their cytotoxicity and contact angle. 12 experimental groups were formed by differentiating a condition of a surfactant by group in the manufactured rubber impression materials. To evaluate cytotoxicity in PVS that was mixed by differentiating a kind and concentration of a surfactant, the in-vitro direct contact cytotoxicity test, which was suggested in the standard of ISO-10993-5:2011, was carried out. The contact angle was gauged with a contact angle measurement system 2 minutes after the contact angle reaches the equilibrium state following dropping the deionized water on the specimen. Based on the results, it is considered that the group 5 and 6 containing Span 20 that showed good properties in the assessment of cytotoxicity and as well as all categories of the contact angle, in our study we suggested suitable for PVS impression materials with optimal hydrophilicity and properties.