Driving while under the influence of hallucinogens: Prevalence, correlates, and risk profiles

Christopher P. Salas-Wright; Manuel Cano; James Hodges; Sehun Oh; Audrey Hang Hai; Michael G. Vaughn

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109055

Driving while under the influence of hallucinogens: Prevalence, correlates, and risk profiles

Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Manuel Cano, James Hodges, Sehun Oh, Audrey Hang Hai, Michael G. Vaughn

Graduate School of Social Welfare

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Hallucinogen use is rising in the US, yet little is known regarding the prevalence and psychosocial/behavioral correlates of driving under the influence of these drugs. Methods: This study examined data from 4447 individuals ages 16–64 who reported past-year hallucinogen use in the 2016–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Prevalence estimates (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were calculated for driving under the influence of hallucinogens (DUIH). Logistic regression examined psychosocial/behavioral correlates of DUIH, and latent class analysis (LCA) characterized subgroups of individuals reporting DUIH. Results: The prevalence of past-year hallucinogen use was 2.42% (CI = 2.30–2.54) and, in the general population, the prevalence of DUIH was 0.21%. Among past-year hallucinogen users, 8.94% (CI = 7.74–10.31) reported DUIH on at least one occasion over the previous 12 months. The probability of DUIH increased significantly with more frequent use. Compared to individuals who used hallucinogens and did not report DUIH, individuals reporting DUIH were significantly more likely to report mental health problems; use of other illicit drugs; selling drugs; a past-year arrest; or driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or other illicit drugs. LCA identified three classes of individuals reporting DUIH, characterized by: use of and driving under the influence of cannabis; use of and driving under the influence of cannabis and other illicit drugs; and mental health concerns. Conclusions: Nearly one in ten individuals who report using hallucinogens also report driving under the influence of hallucinogens—drugs that affect perception and risk-taking, with alarming implications for driving safety.

Original language	English
Article number	109055
Journal	Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Volume	228
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109055
Publication status	Published - 2021 Nov 1

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the National Institutes of Health [Award Number K01AA026645]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIAAA or the NIH.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Toxicology
Pharmacology
Psychiatry and Mental health
Pharmacology (medical)

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109055

Cite this

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title = "Driving while under the influence of hallucinogens: Prevalence, correlates, and risk profiles",

abstract = "Background: Hallucinogen use is rising in the US, yet little is known regarding the prevalence and psychosocial/behavioral correlates of driving under the influence of these drugs. Methods: This study examined data from 4447 individuals ages 16–64 who reported past-year hallucinogen use in the 2016–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Prevalence estimates (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were calculated for driving under the influence of hallucinogens (DUIH). Logistic regression examined psychosocial/behavioral correlates of DUIH, and latent class analysis (LCA) characterized subgroups of individuals reporting DUIH. Results: The prevalence of past-year hallucinogen use was 2.42% (CI = 2.30–2.54) and, in the general population, the prevalence of DUIH was 0.21%. Among past-year hallucinogen users, 8.94% (CI = 7.74–10.31) reported DUIH on at least one occasion over the previous 12 months. The probability of DUIH increased significantly with more frequent use. Compared to individuals who used hallucinogens and did not report DUIH, individuals reporting DUIH were significantly more likely to report mental health problems; use of other illicit drugs; selling drugs; a past-year arrest; or driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or other illicit drugs. LCA identified three classes of individuals reporting DUIH, characterized by: use of and driving under the influence of cannabis; use of and driving under the influence of cannabis and other illicit drugs; and mental health concerns. Conclusions: Nearly one in ten individuals who report using hallucinogens also report driving under the influence of hallucinogens—drugs that affect perception and risk-taking, with alarming implications for driving safety.",

author = "Salas-Wright, {Christopher P.} and Manuel Cano and James Hodges and Sehun Oh and Hai, {Audrey Hang} and Vaughn, {Michael G.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the National Institutes of Health [Award Number K01AA026645]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIAAA or the NIH. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier B.V.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109055",

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AU - Salas-Wright, Christopher P.

AU - Cano, Manuel

AU - Hodges, James

AU - Oh, Sehun

AU - Hai, Audrey Hang

AU - Vaughn, Michael G.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the National Institutes of Health [Award Number K01AA026645]. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIAAA or the NIH. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2021/11/1

Y1 - 2021/11/1

N2 - Background: Hallucinogen use is rising in the US, yet little is known regarding the prevalence and psychosocial/behavioral correlates of driving under the influence of these drugs. Methods: This study examined data from 4447 individuals ages 16–64 who reported past-year hallucinogen use in the 2016–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Prevalence estimates (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were calculated for driving under the influence of hallucinogens (DUIH). Logistic regression examined psychosocial/behavioral correlates of DUIH, and latent class analysis (LCA) characterized subgroups of individuals reporting DUIH. Results: The prevalence of past-year hallucinogen use was 2.42% (CI = 2.30–2.54) and, in the general population, the prevalence of DUIH was 0.21%. Among past-year hallucinogen users, 8.94% (CI = 7.74–10.31) reported DUIH on at least one occasion over the previous 12 months. The probability of DUIH increased significantly with more frequent use. Compared to individuals who used hallucinogens and did not report DUIH, individuals reporting DUIH were significantly more likely to report mental health problems; use of other illicit drugs; selling drugs; a past-year arrest; or driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or other illicit drugs. LCA identified three classes of individuals reporting DUIH, characterized by: use of and driving under the influence of cannabis; use of and driving under the influence of cannabis and other illicit drugs; and mental health concerns. Conclusions: Nearly one in ten individuals who report using hallucinogens also report driving under the influence of hallucinogens—drugs that affect perception and risk-taking, with alarming implications for driving safety.

AB - Background: Hallucinogen use is rising in the US, yet little is known regarding the prevalence and psychosocial/behavioral correlates of driving under the influence of these drugs. Methods: This study examined data from 4447 individuals ages 16–64 who reported past-year hallucinogen use in the 2016–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Prevalence estimates (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were calculated for driving under the influence of hallucinogens (DUIH). Logistic regression examined psychosocial/behavioral correlates of DUIH, and latent class analysis (LCA) characterized subgroups of individuals reporting DUIH. Results: The prevalence of past-year hallucinogen use was 2.42% (CI = 2.30–2.54) and, in the general population, the prevalence of DUIH was 0.21%. Among past-year hallucinogen users, 8.94% (CI = 7.74–10.31) reported DUIH on at least one occasion over the previous 12 months. The probability of DUIH increased significantly with more frequent use. Compared to individuals who used hallucinogens and did not report DUIH, individuals reporting DUIH were significantly more likely to report mental health problems; use of other illicit drugs; selling drugs; a past-year arrest; or driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or other illicit drugs. LCA identified three classes of individuals reporting DUIH, characterized by: use of and driving under the influence of cannabis; use of and driving under the influence of cannabis and other illicit drugs; and mental health concerns. Conclusions: Nearly one in ten individuals who report using hallucinogens also report driving under the influence of hallucinogens—drugs that affect perception and risk-taking, with alarming implications for driving safety.

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Driving while under the influence of hallucinogens: Prevalence, correlates, and risk profiles

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

UN SDGs

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