Effect of indoor and outdoor sources on indoor particle concentrations in South Korean residential buildings

Kyungmo Kang; Taeyeon Kim; Hyungkeun Kim

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125852

Effect of indoor and outdoor sources on indoor particle concentrations in South Korean residential buildings

Kyungmo Kang, Taeyeon Kim, Hyungkeun Kim

Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The rising indoor air pollution from particles is a cause for concern especially in houses where children and the elderly reside. In South Korea, assessment of exposure to particle number (PN) in residential apartments, which account for 76% of all houses, is limited. In our study, the indoor and outdoor PN (sizes 0.3–10.0 µm) concentrations were measured in ten typical apartments for 24 h each. In addition, the occupants’ schedules were examined by conducting a survey. Results showed that the average outdoor PN concentrations were 0.30–4.37 × 10⁹/m³ with very large deviations. Indoor peak events were mainly caused by cooking, and total emitted particles were 0.01–81.3 × 10¹³ particles. Indoor PN concentrations were sustained for a long time because of inefficient ventilation that led to lowered attenuation. Indoor particles are generated during various indoor activities. The daily-integrated particle exposures were 21.4% and 78.6% for indoor and outdoor sources, respectively. Thus, outdoor sources were the predominant sources of particle exposure compared with indoor sources. In conclusion, penetration from outdoor sources needs to be reduced by adding air filtration to improve the airtightness of buildings when introducing outdoor air to lower the indoor PN concentration.

Original language	English
Article number	125852
Journal	Journal of Hazardous Materials
Volume	416
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125852
Publication status	Published - 2021 Aug 15

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea ( NRF ) grant funded by the Korean government ( MSIT , MOE ) and (No. 2019M3E7A1113090 ). The funding agency had no role in the study design, the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, the writing of the report, or the decision to submit the article for publication.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Environmental Engineering
Environmental Chemistry
Waste Management and Disposal
Pollution
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125852

Cite this

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title = "Effect of indoor and outdoor sources on indoor particle concentrations in South Korean residential buildings",

abstract = "The rising indoor air pollution from particles is a cause for concern especially in houses where children and the elderly reside. In South Korea, assessment of exposure to particle number (PN) in residential apartments, which account for 76% of all houses, is limited. In our study, the indoor and outdoor PN (sizes 0.3–10.0 µm) concentrations were measured in ten typical apartments for 24 h each. In addition, the occupants{\textquoteright} schedules were examined by conducting a survey. Results showed that the average outdoor PN concentrations were 0.30–4.37 × 109/m3 with very large deviations. Indoor peak events were mainly caused by cooking, and total emitted particles were 0.01–81.3 × 1013 particles. Indoor PN concentrations were sustained for a long time because of inefficient ventilation that led to lowered attenuation. Indoor particles are generated during various indoor activities. The daily-integrated particle exposures were 21.4% and 78.6% for indoor and outdoor sources, respectively. Thus, outdoor sources were the predominant sources of particle exposure compared with indoor sources. In conclusion, penetration from outdoor sources needs to be reduced by adding air filtration to improve the airtightness of buildings when introducing outdoor air to lower the indoor PN concentration.",

author = "Kyungmo Kang and Taeyeon Kim and Hyungkeun Kim",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea ( NRF ) grant funded by the Korean government ( MSIT , MOE ) and (No. 2019M3E7A1113090 ). The funding agency had no role in the study design, the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, the writing of the report, or the decision to submit the article for publication. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier B.V.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125852",

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N2 - The rising indoor air pollution from particles is a cause for concern especially in houses where children and the elderly reside. In South Korea, assessment of exposure to particle number (PN) in residential apartments, which account for 76% of all houses, is limited. In our study, the indoor and outdoor PN (sizes 0.3–10.0 µm) concentrations were measured in ten typical apartments for 24 h each. In addition, the occupants’ schedules were examined by conducting a survey. Results showed that the average outdoor PN concentrations were 0.30–4.37 × 109/m3 with very large deviations. Indoor peak events were mainly caused by cooking, and total emitted particles were 0.01–81.3 × 1013 particles. Indoor PN concentrations were sustained for a long time because of inefficient ventilation that led to lowered attenuation. Indoor particles are generated during various indoor activities. The daily-integrated particle exposures were 21.4% and 78.6% for indoor and outdoor sources, respectively. Thus, outdoor sources were the predominant sources of particle exposure compared with indoor sources. In conclusion, penetration from outdoor sources needs to be reduced by adding air filtration to improve the airtightness of buildings when introducing outdoor air to lower the indoor PN concentration.

AB - The rising indoor air pollution from particles is a cause for concern especially in houses where children and the elderly reside. In South Korea, assessment of exposure to particle number (PN) in residential apartments, which account for 76% of all houses, is limited. In our study, the indoor and outdoor PN (sizes 0.3–10.0 µm) concentrations were measured in ten typical apartments for 24 h each. In addition, the occupants’ schedules were examined by conducting a survey. Results showed that the average outdoor PN concentrations were 0.30–4.37 × 109/m3 with very large deviations. Indoor peak events were mainly caused by cooking, and total emitted particles were 0.01–81.3 × 1013 particles. Indoor PN concentrations were sustained for a long time because of inefficient ventilation that led to lowered attenuation. Indoor particles are generated during various indoor activities. The daily-integrated particle exposures were 21.4% and 78.6% for indoor and outdoor sources, respectively. Thus, outdoor sources were the predominant sources of particle exposure compared with indoor sources. In conclusion, penetration from outdoor sources needs to be reduced by adding air filtration to improve the airtightness of buildings when introducing outdoor air to lower the indoor PN concentration.

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Effect of indoor and outdoor sources on indoor particle concentrations in South Korean residential buildings

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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