Evaluating and assessing a typology of ubiquitous city services by classifying and assigning actual services from an inventory of identified services in practice

Two trends are obvious in urban management. Urban areas are increasing in scope and population worldwide, and ubiquitous services(u-services) are becoming critical in urban management worldwide. Though many u-services are under development, no consensus seems to be made concerning common typology, though a number of frameworks are suggested. In this study, efforts are concerted to heuristically validate a rather comprehensive typology of u-city services. Using 228 u-services, inventoried and presented in u-Eco City projects in Republic of Korea, classifying exercises are conducted, by three experts in the field, against a most popularly quoted typology. Findings indicate that the selected typology is high on comprehensively exhaustiveness and empirical applicability while low on mutual exclusivity, simplicity and theoretical contribution. Implications for improving the typology are suggested followed by limitations and directions for further research.