High-power lithium batteries from functionalized carbon-nanotube electrodes

Seung Woo Lee; Naoaki Yabuuchi; Betar M. Gallant; Shuo Chen; Byeong Su Kim; Paula T. Hammond; Yang Shao-Horn

doi:10.1038/nnano.2010.116

High-power lithium batteries from functionalized carbon-nanotube electrodes

Seung Woo Lee, Naoaki Yabuuchi, Betar M. Gallant, Shuo Chen, Byeong Su Kim, Paula T. Hammond, Yang Shao-Horn

Department of Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

927 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Energy storage devices that can deliver high powers have many applications, including hybrid vehicles and renewable energy. Much research has focused on increasing the power output of lithium batteries by reducing lithium-ion diffusion distances, but outputs remain far below those of electrochemical capacitors and below the levels required for many applications. Here, we report an alternative approach based on the redox reactions of functional groups on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes. Layer-by-layer techniques are used to assemble an electrode that consists of additive-free, densely packed and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The electrode, which is several micrometres thick, can store lithium up to a reversible gravimetric capacity of 200mAhg 1 electrode while also delivering 100kWkg electrode 1 of power and providing lifetimes in excess of thousands of cycles, both of which are comparable to electrochemical capacitor electrodes. A device using the nanotube electrode as the positive electrode and lithium titanium oxide as a negative electrode had a gravimetric energy 5 times higher than conventional electrochemical capacitors and power delivery 10 times higher than conventional lithium-ion batteries.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	531-537
Number of pages	7
Journal	Nature Nanotechnology
Volume	5
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2010.116
Publication status	Published - 2010 Jul

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge partial support from the Dupont–MIT Alliance for this project. Y.S.H. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research (N000140410400) and the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation (award no. DMR – 0819762). The assistance of E.L. Shaw in collecting XPS data, Y.T. Kim in carrying out surface functionalization of MWNTs, and Y.C. Lu in electrochemical measurements and XPS analysis is greatly appreciated. T. Kawaguchi is thanked for assistance with Li4Ti5O12 and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesis and measurements. S.W.L. acknowledges a Samsung Scholarship from the Samsung Foundation of Culture, and B.M.G. acknowledges a graduate research fellowship from the National Science Foundation.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Bioengineering
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science(all)
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1038/nnano.2010.116

Cite this

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abstract = "Energy storage devices that can deliver high powers have many applications, including hybrid vehicles and renewable energy. Much research has focused on increasing the power output of lithium batteries by reducing lithium-ion diffusion distances, but outputs remain far below those of electrochemical capacitors and below the levels required for many applications. Here, we report an alternative approach based on the redox reactions of functional groups on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes. Layer-by-layer techniques are used to assemble an electrode that consists of additive-free, densely packed and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The electrode, which is several micrometres thick, can store lithium up to a reversible gravimetric capacity of 200mAhg 1 electrode while also delivering 100kWkg electrode 1 of power and providing lifetimes in excess of thousands of cycles, both of which are comparable to electrochemical capacitor electrodes. A device using the nanotube electrode as the positive electrode and lithium titanium oxide as a negative electrode had a gravimetric energy 5 times higher than conventional electrochemical capacitors and power delivery 10 times higher than conventional lithium-ion batteries.",

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note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge partial support from the Dupont–MIT Alliance for this project. Y.S.H. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research (N000140410400) and the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation (award no. DMR – 0819762). The assistance of E.L. Shaw in collecting XPS data, Y.T. Kim in carrying out surface functionalization of MWNTs, and Y.C. Lu in electrochemical measurements and XPS analysis is greatly appreciated. T. Kawaguchi is thanked for assistance with Li4Ti5O12 and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesis and measurements. S.W.L. acknowledges a Samsung Scholarship from the Samsung Foundation of Culture, and B.M.G. acknowledges a graduate research fellowship from the National Science Foundation.",

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High-power lithium batteries from functionalized carbon-nanotube electrodes

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

UN SDGs

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