Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease: A PARADIGM substudy

Jonathan R. Weir-McCall; Philipp Blanke; Stephanie L. Sellers; Amir A. Ahmadi; Daniele Andreini; Matthew J. Budoff; Filippo Cademartiri; Kavitha Chinnaiyan; Jung Hyun Choi; Eun Ju Chun; Edoardo Conte; Ilan Gottlieb; Martin Hadamitzky; Yong Jin Kim; Byoung Kwon Lee; Sang Eun Lee; Erica Maffei; Hugo Marques; Gianluca Pontone; Gilbert L. Raff; Sanghoon Shin; Ji Min Sung; Peter Stone; Habib Samady; Renu Virmani; Jagat Narula; Daniel S. Berman; Leslee J. Shaw; Jeroen J. Bax; Fay Y. Lin; James K. Min; Hyuk Jae Chang; Jonathon A. Leipsic

doi:10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011

Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease: A PARADIGM substudy

Jonathan R. Weir-McCall, Philipp Blanke, Stephanie L. Sellers, Amir A. Ahmadi, Daniele Andreini, Matthew J. Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Jung Hyun Choi, Eun Ju Chun, Edoardo Conte, Ilan Gottlieb, Martin Hadamitzky, Yong Jin Kim, Byoung Kwon Lee, Sang Eun Lee, Erica Maffei, Hugo Marques, Gianluca Pontone, Gilbert L. RaffSanghoon Shin, Ji Min Sung, Peter Stone, Habib Samady, Renu Virmani, Jagat Narula, Daniel S. Berman, Leslee J. Shaw, Jeroen J. Bax, Fay Y. Lin, James K. Min, Hyuk Jae Chang, Jonathon A. Leipsic

Department of Internal Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study is examine the impact of non-obstructive (<50%stenosis) left main (LM) disease on the natural history of coronary artery disease using serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: CTAs from the PARADIGM (Progression of atherosclerotic plaque determined by computed tomographic angiography imaging) study, a prospective multinational registry of patients who underwent serial CTA at a ≥2 year interval were analyzed. Those without evidence of CAD on their baseline scan were excluded, as were those with obstructive left main disease. Coronary artery vessels and their branches underwent quantification of: plaque volume and composition; diameter stenosis; presence of high-risk plaque. Results: Of 944 (62 ± 9 years, 60% male) who had evidence of CAD at baseline, 444 (47%) had LM disease. Those with LM disease had a higher baseline plaque volume (194.8 ± 221mm3 versus 72.9 ± 84.3mm3, p < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque (17.5% versus 13%, p < 0.001) than those without LM disease. On multivariable general linear model, patients with LM disease had greater annual rates of progression of total (26.5 ± 31.4mm3/yr versus 14.9 ± 20.1mm3/yr, p < 0.001) and calcified plaque volume (17 ± 24mm3/yr versus 7 ± 11mm3/yr, p < 0.001), with no difference in fibrous, fibrofatty or necrotic core plaque components. Conclusion: The presence of non-obstructive LM disease is associated with greater rates of plaque progression and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque throughout the entire coronary artery tree compared to CAD without LM involvement. Our data suggests that non-obstructive LM disease may be a marker for an aggressive phenotype of CAD that may benefit from more intensive treatment strategies.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	231-237
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
Volume	12
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011
Publication status	Published - 2018 May 1

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This study was supported by grants from the Dalio Foundation , Michael Wolk Foundation and the Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176 ). The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.

Funding Information:
This study was supported by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176 ) and funded in part by a generous gift from the Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging and the Michael Wolk Foundation .

Funding Information:
The funder of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. Dr. Chang receives funding from by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176); Dr. Min receives funding from the National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos. R01 HL111141, R01 HL115150, R01 118019, and U01 HL 105907), the Qatar National Priorities Research Program (Grant No. 09-370-3-089), and GE Healthcare. Dr. Min served as a consultant to HeartFlow, serves on the scientific advisory board of Arineta, and has an equity interest in MDDX. Dr. Bax receives unrestricted research grants from Biotronik, Medtronic, Boston Scientific and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Chun receives funding from National Research Foundation (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (NRF-2015R1D1A1A01059717). Dr. Leipsic serves as a consultant and has stock options in HeartFlow and Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, and receives speaking fees from GE Healthcare. Dr. Budoff receives grant support from the National Institutes of Health and GE Healthcare. Dr. Samady receives grant support from Phillips/Volcano and St. Jude Abbott/Medtronic/Gilead. Dr. Andreini is on the Speakers Bureau for GE Healthcare and receives grant support from GE Healthcare and Bracco. Dr. Pontone receives institutional research grants from GE Healthcare, HeartFlow, Medtronic, Bracco, and Bayer. Dr. Berman receives software royalties from Cedars-Sinai. Dr. Virmani has received institutional research support from 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, ART, BioSensors International, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Claret Medical, Cook Medical, Cordis, Edwards Lifescience, Medtronic, MicroVention, OrbusNeich, ReCord, SINO Medical Technology, Spectranetics, Surmodics, Terumo Corporation, W.L. Gore and Xeltis. Dr. Virmani also receives honoraria from 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Cook Medical, Lutonix, Medtronic, Terumo Corporation, and W.L. Gore, and is a consultant for 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, Medtronic, and W.L. Gore. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011

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Weir-McCall, J. R., Blanke, P., Sellers, S. L., Ahmadi, A. A., Andreini, D., Budoff, M. J., Cademartiri, F., Chinnaiyan, K., Choi, J. H., Chun, E. J., Conte, E., Gottlieb, I., Hadamitzky, M., Kim, Y. J., Lee, B. K., Lee, S. E., Maffei, E., Marques, H., Pontone, G., ... Leipsic, J. A. (2018). Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease: A PARADIGM substudy. Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, 12(3), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011

@article{42a97af8e25d40258b7755125f318764,

title = "Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease: A PARADIGM substudy",

abstract = "Background: The aim of the study is examine the impact of non-obstructive (<50%stenosis) left main (LM) disease on the natural history of coronary artery disease using serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: CTAs from the PARADIGM (Progression of atherosclerotic plaque determined by computed tomographic angiography imaging) study, a prospective multinational registry of patients who underwent serial CTA at a ≥2 year interval were analyzed. Those without evidence of CAD on their baseline scan were excluded, as were those with obstructive left main disease. Coronary artery vessels and their branches underwent quantification of: plaque volume and composition; diameter stenosis; presence of high-risk plaque. Results: Of 944 (62 ± 9 years, 60% male) who had evidence of CAD at baseline, 444 (47%) had LM disease. Those with LM disease had a higher baseline plaque volume (194.8 ± 221mm3 versus 72.9 ± 84.3mm3, p < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque (17.5% versus 13%, p < 0.001) than those without LM disease. On multivariable general linear model, patients with LM disease had greater annual rates of progression of total (26.5 ± 31.4mm3/yr versus 14.9 ± 20.1mm3/yr, p < 0.001) and calcified plaque volume (17 ± 24mm3/yr versus 7 ± 11mm3/yr, p < 0.001), with no difference in fibrous, fibrofatty or necrotic core plaque components. Conclusion: The presence of non-obstructive LM disease is associated with greater rates of plaque progression and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque throughout the entire coronary artery tree compared to CAD without LM involvement. Our data suggests that non-obstructive LM disease may be a marker for an aggressive phenotype of CAD that may benefit from more intensive treatment strategies.",

author = "Weir-McCall, {Jonathan R.} and Philipp Blanke and Sellers, {Stephanie L.} and Ahmadi, {Amir A.} and Daniele Andreini and Budoff, {Matthew J.} and Filippo Cademartiri and Kavitha Chinnaiyan and Choi, {Jung Hyun} and Chun, {Eun Ju} and Edoardo Conte and Ilan Gottlieb and Martin Hadamitzky and Kim, {Yong Jin} and Lee, {Byoung Kwon} and Lee, {Sang Eun} and Erica Maffei and Hugo Marques and Gianluca Pontone and Raff, {Gilbert L.} and Sanghoon Shin and Sung, {Ji Min} and Peter Stone and Habib Samady and Renu Virmani and Jagat Narula and Berman, {Daniel S.} and Shaw, {Leslee J.} and Bax, {Jeroen J.} and Lin, {Fay Y.} and Min, {James K.} and Chang, {Hyuk Jae} and Leipsic, {Jonathon A.}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by grants from the Dalio Foundation , Michael Wolk Foundation and the Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176 ). The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. Funding Information: This study was supported by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176 ) and funded in part by a generous gift from the Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging and the Michael Wolk Foundation . Funding Information: The funder of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. Dr. Chang receives funding from by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176); Dr. Min receives funding from the National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos. R01 HL111141, R01 HL115150, R01 118019, and U01 HL 105907), the Qatar National Priorities Research Program (Grant No. 09-370-3-089), and GE Healthcare. Dr. Min served as a consultant to HeartFlow, serves on the scientific advisory board of Arineta, and has an equity interest in MDDX. Dr. Bax receives unrestricted research grants from Biotronik, Medtronic, Boston Scientific and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Chun receives funding from National Research Foundation (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (NRF-2015R1D1A1A01059717). Dr. Leipsic serves as a consultant and has stock options in HeartFlow and Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, and receives speaking fees from GE Healthcare. Dr. Budoff receives grant support from the National Institutes of Health and GE Healthcare. Dr. Samady receives grant support from Phillips/Volcano and St. Jude Abbott/Medtronic/Gilead. Dr. Andreini is on the Speakers Bureau for GE Healthcare and receives grant support from GE Healthcare and Bracco. Dr. Pontone receives institutional research grants from GE Healthcare, HeartFlow, Medtronic, Bracco, and Bayer. Dr. Berman receives software royalties from Cedars-Sinai. Dr. Virmani has received institutional research support from 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, ART, BioSensors International, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Claret Medical, Cook Medical, Cordis, Edwards Lifescience, Medtronic, MicroVention, OrbusNeich, ReCord, SINO Medical Technology, Spectranetics, Surmodics, Terumo Corporation, W.L. Gore and Xeltis. Dr. Virmani also receives honoraria from 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Cook Medical, Lutonix, Medtronic, Terumo Corporation, and W.L. Gore, and is a consultant for 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, Medtronic, and W.L. Gore. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018",

year = "2018",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

pages = "231--237",

journal = "Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography",

issn = "1934-5925",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "3",

}

Weir-McCall, JR, Blanke, P, Sellers, SL, Ahmadi, AA, Andreini, D, Budoff, MJ, Cademartiri, F, Chinnaiyan, K, Choi, JH, Chun, EJ, Conte, E, Gottlieb, I, Hadamitzky, M, Kim, YJ, Lee, BK, Lee, SE, Maffei, E, Marques, H, Pontone, G, Raff, GL, Shin, S, Sung, JM, Stone, P, Samady, H, Virmani, R, Narula, J, Berman, DS, Shaw, LJ, Bax, JJ, Lin, FY, Min, JK, Chang, HJ & Leipsic, JA 2018, 'Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease: A PARADIGM substudy', Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 231-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease

T2 - A PARADIGM substudy

AU - Weir-McCall, Jonathan R.

AU - Blanke, Philipp

AU - Sellers, Stephanie L.

AU - Ahmadi, Amir A.

AU - Andreini, Daniele

AU - Budoff, Matthew J.

AU - Cademartiri, Filippo

AU - Chinnaiyan, Kavitha

AU - Choi, Jung Hyun

AU - Chun, Eun Ju

AU - Conte, Edoardo

AU - Gottlieb, Ilan

AU - Hadamitzky, Martin

AU - Kim, Yong Jin

AU - Lee, Byoung Kwon

AU - Lee, Sang Eun

AU - Maffei, Erica

AU - Marques, Hugo

AU - Pontone, Gianluca

AU - Raff, Gilbert L.

AU - Shin, Sanghoon

AU - Sung, Ji Min

AU - Stone, Peter

AU - Samady, Habib

AU - Virmani, Renu

AU - Narula, Jagat

AU - Berman, Daniel S.

AU - Shaw, Leslee J.

AU - Bax, Jeroen J.

AU - Lin, Fay Y.

AU - Min, James K.

AU - Chang, Hyuk Jae

AU - Leipsic, Jonathon A.

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by grants from the Dalio Foundation , Michael Wolk Foundation and the Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176 ). The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. Funding Information: This study was supported by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176 ) and funded in part by a generous gift from the Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging and the Michael Wolk Foundation . Funding Information: The funder of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. Dr. Chang receives funding from by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Grant No. 2012027176); Dr. Min receives funding from the National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos. R01 HL111141, R01 HL115150, R01 118019, and U01 HL 105907), the Qatar National Priorities Research Program (Grant No. 09-370-3-089), and GE Healthcare. Dr. Min served as a consultant to HeartFlow, serves on the scientific advisory board of Arineta, and has an equity interest in MDDX. Dr. Bax receives unrestricted research grants from Biotronik, Medtronic, Boston Scientific and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Chun receives funding from National Research Foundation (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (NRF-2015R1D1A1A01059717). Dr. Leipsic serves as a consultant and has stock options in HeartFlow and Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, and receives speaking fees from GE Healthcare. Dr. Budoff receives grant support from the National Institutes of Health and GE Healthcare. Dr. Samady receives grant support from Phillips/Volcano and St. Jude Abbott/Medtronic/Gilead. Dr. Andreini is on the Speakers Bureau for GE Healthcare and receives grant support from GE Healthcare and Bracco. Dr. Pontone receives institutional research grants from GE Healthcare, HeartFlow, Medtronic, Bracco, and Bayer. Dr. Berman receives software royalties from Cedars-Sinai. Dr. Virmani has received institutional research support from 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, ART, BioSensors International, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Claret Medical, Cook Medical, Cordis, Edwards Lifescience, Medtronic, MicroVention, OrbusNeich, ReCord, SINO Medical Technology, Spectranetics, Surmodics, Terumo Corporation, W.L. Gore and Xeltis. Dr. Virmani also receives honoraria from 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Cook Medical, Lutonix, Medtronic, Terumo Corporation, and W.L. Gore, and is a consultant for 480 Biomedical, Abbott Vascular, Medtronic, and W.L. Gore. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Publisher Copyright: © 2018

PY - 2018/5/1

Y1 - 2018/5/1

N2 - Background: The aim of the study is examine the impact of non-obstructive (<50%stenosis) left main (LM) disease on the natural history of coronary artery disease using serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: CTAs from the PARADIGM (Progression of atherosclerotic plaque determined by computed tomographic angiography imaging) study, a prospective multinational registry of patients who underwent serial CTA at a ≥2 year interval were analyzed. Those without evidence of CAD on their baseline scan were excluded, as were those with obstructive left main disease. Coronary artery vessels and their branches underwent quantification of: plaque volume and composition; diameter stenosis; presence of high-risk plaque. Results: Of 944 (62 ± 9 years, 60% male) who had evidence of CAD at baseline, 444 (47%) had LM disease. Those with LM disease had a higher baseline plaque volume (194.8 ± 221mm3 versus 72.9 ± 84.3mm3, p < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque (17.5% versus 13%, p < 0.001) than those without LM disease. On multivariable general linear model, patients with LM disease had greater annual rates of progression of total (26.5 ± 31.4mm3/yr versus 14.9 ± 20.1mm3/yr, p < 0.001) and calcified plaque volume (17 ± 24mm3/yr versus 7 ± 11mm3/yr, p < 0.001), with no difference in fibrous, fibrofatty or necrotic core plaque components. Conclusion: The presence of non-obstructive LM disease is associated with greater rates of plaque progression and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque throughout the entire coronary artery tree compared to CAD without LM involvement. Our data suggests that non-obstructive LM disease may be a marker for an aggressive phenotype of CAD that may benefit from more intensive treatment strategies.

AB - Background: The aim of the study is examine the impact of non-obstructive (<50%stenosis) left main (LM) disease on the natural history of coronary artery disease using serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: CTAs from the PARADIGM (Progression of atherosclerotic plaque determined by computed tomographic angiography imaging) study, a prospective multinational registry of patients who underwent serial CTA at a ≥2 year interval were analyzed. Those without evidence of CAD on their baseline scan were excluded, as were those with obstructive left main disease. Coronary artery vessels and their branches underwent quantification of: plaque volume and composition; diameter stenosis; presence of high-risk plaque. Results: Of 944 (62 ± 9 years, 60% male) who had evidence of CAD at baseline, 444 (47%) had LM disease. Those with LM disease had a higher baseline plaque volume (194.8 ± 221mm3 versus 72.9 ± 84.3mm3, p < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque (17.5% versus 13%, p < 0.001) than those without LM disease. On multivariable general linear model, patients with LM disease had greater annual rates of progression of total (26.5 ± 31.4mm3/yr versus 14.9 ± 20.1mm3/yr, p < 0.001) and calcified plaque volume (17 ± 24mm3/yr versus 7 ± 11mm3/yr, p < 0.001), with no difference in fibrous, fibrofatty or necrotic core plaque components. Conclusion: The presence of non-obstructive LM disease is associated with greater rates of plaque progression and a higher prevalence of high-risk plaque throughout the entire coronary artery tree compared to CAD without LM involvement. Our data suggests that non-obstructive LM disease may be a marker for an aggressive phenotype of CAD that may benefit from more intensive treatment strategies.

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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011

DO - 10.1016/j.jcct.2018.05.011

M3 - Article

C2 - 29802032

AN - SCOPUS:85047362041

SN - 1934-5925

VL - 12

SP - 231

EP - 237

JO - Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

IS - 3

ER -

Impact of Non-obstructive left main disease on the progression of coronary artery disease: A PARADIGM substudy

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