Investigating the Changes in Periodicity of the CO2-Driven Cold-Water Geyser Eruptions Through Field Observation at Tenmile Geyser, Utah

Jize Piao; Weon Shik Han; Gidon Han; Kue Young Kim; Tae Kwon Yun; Jeonghwan Hwang; Taehoon Kim; Eungyu Park

doi:10.1029/2022GL097916

Investigating the Changes in Periodicity of the CO₂-Driven Cold-Water Geyser Eruptions Through Field Observation at Tenmile Geyser, Utah

Jize Piao, Weon Shik Han, Gidon Han, Kue Young Kim, Tae Kwon Yun, Jeonghwan Hwang, Taehoon Kim, Eungyu Park

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

CO₂-driven cold-water geysers periodically ejecting cold water are rare. Although coalescence and expansion of ascending CO₂ bubbles can explain the eruption process, the triggering conditions and eruption cycle remain unclear. To clarify the triggering conditions, hydrostatic pressure in the well was decreased by pumping to induce eruptions. All four pumping tests successfully induced eruptions by decreasing the pressure of ∼10⁴ Pa. In the absence of artificial perturbations, similar reductions in pressure were observed during the intervals between two consecutive eruptions (IBEs). During IBE, the atmospheric pressure (P_air) and temperature (T_air) controlled the generation of the CO₂ bubbles which directly induced the pressure reduction in the well. Especially under the persistent low P_air and high T_air, the length of IBE showed a minimum value of 3.90 hr during field observations. We suggest that the atmospheric perturbations are the causes of the changes in geyser periodicity, given consistent geological and hydraulic conditions.

Original language	English
Article number	e2022GL097916
Journal	Geophysical Research Letters
Volume	49
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL097916
Publication status	Published - 2022 Jul 16

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by the Ministry of Education [project number: 2016R1D1A1B01008715]. This research was also supported by the Subsurface Environmental Management project through the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute funded by the Ministry of Environment [project number: 2018002440003], and by Energy Efficiency & Resources of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) [project number: 20212010200010]. This research was also supported by the Basic Research Project of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. The authors would like to thank Steven E. Ingebritsen, Atsuko Namiki, and Guanhong Feng for their insightful comments and suggestions.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Geophysics
Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)

Access to Document

10.1029/2022GL097916

Cite this

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title = "Investigating the Changes in Periodicity of the CO2-Driven Cold-Water Geyser Eruptions Through Field Observation at Tenmile Geyser, Utah",

abstract = "CO2-driven cold-water geysers periodically ejecting cold water are rare. Although coalescence and expansion of ascending CO2 bubbles can explain the eruption process, the triggering conditions and eruption cycle remain unclear. To clarify the triggering conditions, hydrostatic pressure in the well was decreased by pumping to induce eruptions. All four pumping tests successfully induced eruptions by decreasing the pressure of ∼104 Pa. In the absence of artificial perturbations, similar reductions in pressure were observed during the intervals between two consecutive eruptions (IBEs). During IBE, the atmospheric pressure (Pair) and temperature (Tair) controlled the generation of the CO2 bubbles which directly induced the pressure reduction in the well. Especially under the persistent low Pair and high Tair, the length of IBE showed a minimum value of 3.90 hr during field observations. We suggest that the atmospheric perturbations are the causes of the changes in geyser periodicity, given consistent geological and hydraulic conditions.",

author = "Jize Piao and Han, {Weon Shik} and Gidon Han and Kim, {Kue Young} and Yun, {Tae Kwon} and Jeonghwan Hwang and Taehoon Kim and Eungyu Park",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by the Ministry of Education [project number: 2016R1D1A1B01008715]. This research was also supported by the Subsurface Environmental Management project through the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute funded by the Ministry of Environment [project number: 2018002440003], and by Energy Efficiency & Resources of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) [project number: 20212010200010]. This research was also supported by the Basic Research Project of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. The authors would like to thank Steven E. Ingebritsen, Atsuko Namiki, and Guanhong Feng for their insightful comments and suggestions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",

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AU - Hwang, Jeonghwan

AU - Kim, Taehoon

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N2 - CO2-driven cold-water geysers periodically ejecting cold water are rare. Although coalescence and expansion of ascending CO2 bubbles can explain the eruption process, the triggering conditions and eruption cycle remain unclear. To clarify the triggering conditions, hydrostatic pressure in the well was decreased by pumping to induce eruptions. All four pumping tests successfully induced eruptions by decreasing the pressure of ∼104 Pa. In the absence of artificial perturbations, similar reductions in pressure were observed during the intervals between two consecutive eruptions (IBEs). During IBE, the atmospheric pressure (Pair) and temperature (Tair) controlled the generation of the CO2 bubbles which directly induced the pressure reduction in the well. Especially under the persistent low Pair and high Tair, the length of IBE showed a minimum value of 3.90 hr during field observations. We suggest that the atmospheric perturbations are the causes of the changes in geyser periodicity, given consistent geological and hydraulic conditions.

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