Modulation of the effective density and refractive index of carbon nanotube forests via nanoimprint lithography

Sei Jin Park; Jong G. Ok; Hui Joon Park; Kyu Tae Lee; Jae Hyuk Lee; Jeong Dae Kim; Eikhyun Cho; Hyoung Won Baac; Shinill Kang; L. Jay Guo; A. John Hart

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.11.079

Modulation of the effective density and refractive index of carbon nanotube forests via nanoimprint lithography

Sei Jin Park, Jong G. Ok, Hui Joon Park, Kyu Tae Lee, Jae Hyuk Lee, Jeong Dae Kim, Eikhyun Cho, Hyoung Won Baac, Shinill Kang, L. Jay Guo, A. John Hart

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) allow them to be used in various optical applications, such as ultra-dark surfaces, bolometers, metamaterial cloaks, and anisotropic absorbers. In particular, organization of CNTs with controlled density at the sub-micrometer scale could enable new strategies to engineer optically active surfaces. Here, we present a new strategy to engineer the density-dependent optical properties of CNT forests by patterning of catalyst film via nanoimprint lithography (NIL) followed by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of CNTs. Via this approach, we demonstrate atmospheric pressure growth of CNT structures with widths of 80–350 nm. These structures form self-supporting arrays with height exceeding 500 μm, representing aspect ratios well over 1000:1. Optical attenuation measurement places the density of NIL patterned forests to be a fraction of the density of unpatterned CNT forests, confirming that the CNT density is effectively controlled by the catalyst coverage. The infrared absorbance measurements corroborate the density control, and Kramers-Kronig analysis shows that the refractive indices of the NIL patterned CNT forests are tunable in the range of 1–1.8.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	8-14
Number of pages	7
Journal	Carbon
Volume	129
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2017.11.079
Publication status	Published - 2018 Apr

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Financial support to S.J.P. and A.J.H. were provided by DARPA (HR0011-10-C-0192). Support from DARPA was received under Agreement to NextGen Aeronautics, and any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of NextGen Aeronautics and/or DARPA. J.G.O. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP) (No. 2015R1A5A1037668 and No. 2016R1C1B2016182) and Samsung Display, Co., Ltd.

Funding Information:
Financial support to S.J.P. and A.J.H. were provided by DARPA ( HR0011-10-C-0192 ). Support from DARPA was received under Agreement to NextGen Aeronautics, and any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of NextGen Aeronautics and/or DARPA. J.G.O. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP) (No. 2015R1A5A1037668 and No. 2016R1C1B2016182 ) and Samsung Display, Co., Ltd .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Chemistry(all)
Materials Science(all)

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10.1016/j.carbon.2017.11.079

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title = "Modulation of the effective density and refractive index of carbon nanotube forests via nanoimprint lithography",

abstract = "The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) allow them to be used in various optical applications, such as ultra-dark surfaces, bolometers, metamaterial cloaks, and anisotropic absorbers. In particular, organization of CNTs with controlled density at the sub-micrometer scale could enable new strategies to engineer optically active surfaces. Here, we present a new strategy to engineer the density-dependent optical properties of CNT forests by patterning of catalyst film via nanoimprint lithography (NIL) followed by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of CNTs. Via this approach, we demonstrate atmospheric pressure growth of CNT structures with widths of 80–350 nm. These structures form self-supporting arrays with height exceeding 500 μm, representing aspect ratios well over 1000:1. Optical attenuation measurement places the density of NIL patterned forests to be a fraction of the density of unpatterned CNT forests, confirming that the CNT density is effectively controlled by the catalyst coverage. The infrared absorbance measurements corroborate the density control, and Kramers-Kronig analysis shows that the refractive indices of the NIL patterned CNT forests are tunable in the range of 1–1.8.",

author = "Park, {Sei Jin} and Ok, {Jong G.} and Park, {Hui Joon} and Lee, {Kyu Tae} and Lee, {Jae Hyuk} and Kim, {Jeong Dae} and Eikhyun Cho and Baac, {Hyoung Won} and Shinill Kang and Guo, {L. Jay} and Hart, {A. John}",

note = "Funding Information: Financial support to S.J.P. and A.J.H. were provided by DARPA (HR0011-10-C-0192). Support from DARPA was received under Agreement to NextGen Aeronautics, and any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of NextGen Aeronautics and/or DARPA. J.G.O. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP) (No. 2015R1A5A1037668 and No. 2016R1C1B2016182) and Samsung Display, Co., Ltd. Funding Information: Financial support to S.J.P. and A.J.H. were provided by DARPA ( HR0011-10-C-0192 ). Support from DARPA was received under Agreement to NextGen Aeronautics, and any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of NextGen Aeronautics and/or DARPA. J.G.O. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP) (No. 2015R1A5A1037668 and No. 2016R1C1B2016182 ) and Samsung Display, Co., Ltd . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1016/j.carbon.2017.11.079",

language = "English",

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AU - Park, Sei Jin

AU - Ok, Jong G.

AU - Park, Hui Joon

AU - Lee, Kyu Tae

AU - Lee, Jae Hyuk

AU - Kim, Jeong Dae

AU - Cho, Eikhyun

AU - Baac, Hyoung Won

AU - Kang, Shinill

AU - Guo, L. Jay

AU - Hart, A. John

N1 - Funding Information: Financial support to S.J.P. and A.J.H. were provided by DARPA (HR0011-10-C-0192). Support from DARPA was received under Agreement to NextGen Aeronautics, and any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of NextGen Aeronautics and/or DARPA. J.G.O. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP) (No. 2015R1A5A1037668 and No. 2016R1C1B2016182) and Samsung Display, Co., Ltd. Funding Information: Financial support to S.J.P. and A.J.H. were provided by DARPA ( HR0011-10-C-0192 ). Support from DARPA was received under Agreement to NextGen Aeronautics, and any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of NextGen Aeronautics and/or DARPA. J.G.O. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP) (No. 2015R1A5A1037668 and No. 2016R1C1B2016182 ) and Samsung Display, Co., Ltd . Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

PY - 2018/4

Y1 - 2018/4

N2 - The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) allow them to be used in various optical applications, such as ultra-dark surfaces, bolometers, metamaterial cloaks, and anisotropic absorbers. In particular, organization of CNTs with controlled density at the sub-micrometer scale could enable new strategies to engineer optically active surfaces. Here, we present a new strategy to engineer the density-dependent optical properties of CNT forests by patterning of catalyst film via nanoimprint lithography (NIL) followed by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of CNTs. Via this approach, we demonstrate atmospheric pressure growth of CNT structures with widths of 80–350 nm. These structures form self-supporting arrays with height exceeding 500 μm, representing aspect ratios well over 1000:1. Optical attenuation measurement places the density of NIL patterned forests to be a fraction of the density of unpatterned CNT forests, confirming that the CNT density is effectively controlled by the catalyst coverage. The infrared absorbance measurements corroborate the density control, and Kramers-Kronig analysis shows that the refractive indices of the NIL patterned CNT forests are tunable in the range of 1–1.8.

AB - The unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) allow them to be used in various optical applications, such as ultra-dark surfaces, bolometers, metamaterial cloaks, and anisotropic absorbers. In particular, organization of CNTs with controlled density at the sub-micrometer scale could enable new strategies to engineer optically active surfaces. Here, we present a new strategy to engineer the density-dependent optical properties of CNT forests by patterning of catalyst film via nanoimprint lithography (NIL) followed by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of CNTs. Via this approach, we demonstrate atmospheric pressure growth of CNT structures with widths of 80–350 nm. These structures form self-supporting arrays with height exceeding 500 μm, representing aspect ratios well over 1000:1. Optical attenuation measurement places the density of NIL patterned forests to be a fraction of the density of unpatterned CNT forests, confirming that the CNT density is effectively controlled by the catalyst coverage. The infrared absorbance measurements corroborate the density control, and Kramers-Kronig analysis shows that the refractive indices of the NIL patterned CNT forests are tunable in the range of 1–1.8.

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Modulation of the effective density and refractive index of carbon nanotube forests via nanoimprint lithography

Abstract

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