Abstract
BACKGROUND Osimertinib is an oral, third-generation, irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) that selectively inhibits both EGFR-TKI-sensitizing and EGFR T790M resistance mutations. We compared osimertinib with standard EGFR-TKIs in patients with previously untreated, EGFR mutation-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS In this double-blind, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 556 patients with previously untreated, EGFR mutation-positive (exon 19 deletion or L858R) advanced NSCLC in a 1:1 ratio to receive either osimertinib (at a dose of 80 mg once daily) or a standard EGFR-TKI (gefitinib at a dose of 250 mg once daily or erlotinib at a dose of 150 mg once daily). The primary end point was investigator-Assessed progression-free survival. RESULTS The median progression-free survival was significantly longer with osimertinib than with standard EGFR-TKIs (18.9 months vs. 10.2 months; hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37 to 0.57; P<0.001). The objective response rate was similar in the two groups: 80% with osimertinib and 76% with standard EGFR-TKIs (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.90; P = 0.24). The median duration of response was 17.2 months (95% CI, 13.8 to 22.0) with osimertinib versus 8.5 months (95% CI, 7.3 to 9.8) with standard EGFR-TKIs. Data on overall survival were immature at the interim analysis (25% maturity). The survival rate at 18 months was 83% (95% CI, 78 to 87) with osimertinib and 71% (95% CI, 65 to 76) with standard EGFR-TKIs (hazard ratio for death, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.88; P = 0.007 [nonsignificant in the interim analysis]). Adverse events of grade 3 or higher were less frequent with osimertinib than with standard EGFR-TKIs (34% vs. 45%). CONCLUSIONS Osimertinib showed efficacy superior to that of standard EGFR-TKIs in the first-line treatment of EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC, with a similar safety profile and lower rates of serious adverse events. (Funded by AstraZeneca; FLAURA ClinicalTrials .gov number, NCT02296125.).
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 113-125 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | New England Journal of Medicine |
| Volume | 378 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2018 Jan 11 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The trial was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice guidelines (as defined by the International Conference on Harmonisation), applicable regulatory requirements, and the policy on bioethics and human biologic samples of the trial sponsor, AstraZeneca. This trial was funded by the sponsor and was designed by the principal investigators (the first and last authors) and the sponsor. The sponsor was responsible for the collection and analysis of the data and had a role in data interpretation. The authors vouch for the completeness and accuracy of the data and the data analyses and adherence to the protocol. The first draft of the manuscript was written by the first and last authors, with medical-writing support funded by the sponsor; all the authors reviewed the manuscript, provided input, and made the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The authors had full access to the data in the trial. The protocol, amendments, and statistical analysis plan are available at NEJM.org.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2017 Massachusetts Medical Society.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Medicine(all)
