Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO x ) is a promising oxide semiconductor due to the distinct properties of n-type SnO 2 and p-type SnO based on its stoichiometry. However, the stoichiometry control of SnO x remains challenging due to the thermodynamic instability of SnO. In the study, we focus on establishing the controllable stoichiometry of SnO x via atomic layer deposition (ALD) and subsequent treatment. The controllable synthesis of SnO 2 and SnO is investigated by multiple analyses involving the chemical composition, crystal structure, and band structure. The ALD SnO x is composed mostly of Sn 4+ –]O bonds with intrinsic oxygen vacancies and is transformed into crystalline SnO 2 phase via post-annealing. The refractive index (~1.8) and optical bandgap energy (~3.6 eV) of ALD SnO x correspond to those of SnO 2 . Post-deposition treatment with H 2 plasma enables the effective transformation of SnO 2 into SnO due to the easy penetration of H + ion into the film and de-bonding of Sn–]O via ion bombardment. The transformed SnO exhibits a significant amount of Sn 2+ –]O bonds with a refractive index of 2.8 and optical bandgap energy of ~2.9 eV. Specifically, the transformed SnO exhibits promise as an oxide semiconductor because it exhibits excellent stability with respect to re-oxidation into SnO 2 or further reduction into Sn metal. The present study advances practical applications that require a stable p-n junction through n-type SnO 2 and p-type SnO in various forms of device architectures.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 472-477 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Applied Surface Science |
Volume | 480 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2019 Jun 30 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2017R1C1B5076821 and No. NRF-2018R1A2B6005289). This work was supported under the framework of international cooperation program managed by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2018K2A9A1A01090484). This work was also supported by Air Liquide as a precursor supplier.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Chemistry(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films