Power Smoothing of a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Generator in Association With the Rotor-Speed-Dependent Gain

Yeonhee Kim; Moses Kang; Eduard Muljadi; Jung Wook Park; Yong Cheol Kang

doi:10.1109/TSTE.2016.2637907

Power Smoothing of a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Generator in Association With the Rotor-Speed-Dependent Gain

Yeonhee Kim, Moses Kang, Eduard Muljadi, Jung Wook Park, Yong Cheol Kang

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This paper proposes a power-smoothing scheme for a variable-speed wind turbine generator (WTG) that can smooth out the WTG's fluctuating power caused by varying wind speeds, and thereby keep the system frequency within a narrow range. The proposed scheme employs an additional loop based on the system frequency deviation that operates in conjunction with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control loop. Unlike the conventional, fixed-gain scheme, its control gain is modified with the rotor speed. In the proposed scheme, the control gain is determined by considering the ratio of the output of the additional loop to that of the MPPT loop. To improve the contribution of the scheme toward maintaining the frequency while ensuring the stable operation of WTGs, in the low rotor speed region, the ratio is set to be proportional to the rotor speed; in the high rotor speed region, the ratio remains constant. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated under varying wind conditions for the IEEE 14-bus system. The simulation results demonstrate that the scheme successfully operates regardless of the output power fluctuation of a WTG by adjusting the gain with the rotor speed, and thereby improves the frequency-regulating capability of a WTG.

Original language	English
Article number	7781022
Pages (from-to)	990-999
Number of pages	10
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
Volume	8
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2016.2637907
Publication status	Published - 2017 Jul

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Manuscript received December 25, 2015; revised April 11, 2016, July 8, 2016, and October 5, 2016; accepted November 10, 2016. Date of publication December 12, 2016; date of current version June 17, 2017. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) under Grant 2010-0028509. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s contribution to this work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with NREL. Paper no. TSTE-01080-2015. (Corresponding author: Y. C. Kang.) Y. Kim is with the Green Energy Institute, Mokpo 58656, South Korea (e-mail: yhkim@gei.re.kr).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 IEEE.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

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title = "Power Smoothing of a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Generator in Association With the Rotor-Speed-Dependent Gain",

abstract = "This paper proposes a power-smoothing scheme for a variable-speed wind turbine generator (WTG) that can smooth out the WTG's fluctuating power caused by varying wind speeds, and thereby keep the system frequency within a narrow range. The proposed scheme employs an additional loop based on the system frequency deviation that operates in conjunction with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control loop. Unlike the conventional, fixed-gain scheme, its control gain is modified with the rotor speed. In the proposed scheme, the control gain is determined by considering the ratio of the output of the additional loop to that of the MPPT loop. To improve the contribution of the scheme toward maintaining the frequency while ensuring the stable operation of WTGs, in the low rotor speed region, the ratio is set to be proportional to the rotor speed; in the high rotor speed region, the ratio remains constant. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated under varying wind conditions for the IEEE 14-bus system. The simulation results demonstrate that the scheme successfully operates regardless of the output power fluctuation of a WTG by adjusting the gain with the rotor speed, and thereby improves the frequency-regulating capability of a WTG.",

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note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received December 25, 2015; revised April 11, 2016, July 8, 2016, and October 5, 2016; accepted November 10, 2016. Date of publication December 12, 2016; date of current version June 17, 2017. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) under Grant 2010-0028509. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory{\textquoteright}s contribution to this work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with NREL. Paper no. TSTE-01080-2015. (Corresponding author: Y. C. Kang.) Y. Kim is with the Green Energy Institute, Mokpo 58656, South Korea (e-mail: yhkim@gei.re.kr). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 IEEE.",

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N2 - This paper proposes a power-smoothing scheme for a variable-speed wind turbine generator (WTG) that can smooth out the WTG's fluctuating power caused by varying wind speeds, and thereby keep the system frequency within a narrow range. The proposed scheme employs an additional loop based on the system frequency deviation that operates in conjunction with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control loop. Unlike the conventional, fixed-gain scheme, its control gain is modified with the rotor speed. In the proposed scheme, the control gain is determined by considering the ratio of the output of the additional loop to that of the MPPT loop. To improve the contribution of the scheme toward maintaining the frequency while ensuring the stable operation of WTGs, in the low rotor speed region, the ratio is set to be proportional to the rotor speed; in the high rotor speed region, the ratio remains constant. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated under varying wind conditions for the IEEE 14-bus system. The simulation results demonstrate that the scheme successfully operates regardless of the output power fluctuation of a WTG by adjusting the gain with the rotor speed, and thereby improves the frequency-regulating capability of a WTG.

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Power Smoothing of a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Generator in Association With the Rotor-Speed-Dependent Gain

Abstract

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