Seasonal influenza vaccine uptake among adults with disabilities in Korea

Background: Previous research on vaccination among people with disabilities has focused on children or adolescents. Objective: To examine variations in seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) uptake according to disability type and age group and explore the vulnerable groups and risk factors of non-vaccination to identify areas of policy support in Korea. Methods: This pooled cross-sectional study included adults who participated in the 2011, 2014, and 2017 National Survey of Persons with Disabilities. The dependent variable was SIV uptake. Age-stratified multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess its relationship with disability characteristics. Results: Among 18,069 adults with disabilities, the overall SIV uptake rate increased with age (33.8%, 50.1%, and 85.3% in 20–49, 50–65, and ≥65 years, respectively). In the multivariate analyses (reporting the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval), severe disability was associated with lower and higher SIV uptake rates in older adults and younger age-groups (0.88, 0.76–1.01; 1.62, 1.42–1.86; and 1.54, 1.24–1.92 in those aged ≥65; 50–64; and 20–49 years), respectively. Health behaviors (regular doctor visits, general health examinations, and non-smoking) were significantly associated with higher odds of SIV uptake. After adjusting for covariates (age, medical conditions, functional ability, and behavioral factors), individuals with brain, epileptic, and psychiatric disabilities showed lower odds of SIV uptake compared to those with internal organ disabilities across all age groups. Conclusions: Policy initiatives that can improve the health behaviors of people with disabilities (especially the elderly and people with intellectual, brain, epilepsy, and psychiatric disabilities) to promote SIV uptake are needed.