TY - JOUR
T1 - Silence of Hippo Pathway Associates with Pro-Tumoral Immunosuppression
T2 - Potential Therapeutic Target of Glioblastomas
AU - Kim, Eui Hyun
AU - Sohn, Bo Hwa
AU - Eun, Young Gyu
AU - Lee, Dong Jin
AU - Yim, Sun Young
AU - Kang, Seok Gu
AU - Lee, Ju Seog
PY - 2020/7/23
Y1 - 2020/7/23
N2 - The critical role of the Hippo pathway has been recently investigated in various cancers, but little is known about its role in glioblastoma (GBM). In order to evaluate the clinical relevance of the Hippo pathway in GBM, we generated a core gene expression signature from four different previously-established silence of Hippo pathway (SOH) signatures. Based on a newly generated core SOH signature, a SOH and active Hippo pathway (AH) was predicted in GBM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validated in a separate cohort. A comparative analysis was performed on multi-panel genomic datasets from TCGA and the possible association of SOH with immune activity and epithelial mesenchymal transition was also evaluated. The SOH signature was associated with poor prognosis in GBM in both cohorts. Expression levels of CTGF and CYR61, the most reliable and well-known downstream targets of YAP1, were markedly increased in the SOH subgroup of GBM patients. SOH signature was strongly associated with a high immune signature score and mesenchymal features. Genes differentially expressed between SOH and AH groups revealed many markers for inhibitory immune checkpoints and M2-polarized macrophages were upregulated in the SOH subgroup, suggesting that SOH may induce the resistance of cancer cells to host immune response in GBM. In summary, SOH is significantly associated with the poor prognosis of GBM patients and is possibly mediated by pro-tumoral immunosuppression.
AB - The critical role of the Hippo pathway has been recently investigated in various cancers, but little is known about its role in glioblastoma (GBM). In order to evaluate the clinical relevance of the Hippo pathway in GBM, we generated a core gene expression signature from four different previously-established silence of Hippo pathway (SOH) signatures. Based on a newly generated core SOH signature, a SOH and active Hippo pathway (AH) was predicted in GBM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validated in a separate cohort. A comparative analysis was performed on multi-panel genomic datasets from TCGA and the possible association of SOH with immune activity and epithelial mesenchymal transition was also evaluated. The SOH signature was associated with poor prognosis in GBM in both cohorts. Expression levels of CTGF and CYR61, the most reliable and well-known downstream targets of YAP1, were markedly increased in the SOH subgroup of GBM patients. SOH signature was strongly associated with a high immune signature score and mesenchymal features. Genes differentially expressed between SOH and AH groups revealed many markers for inhibitory immune checkpoints and M2-polarized macrophages were upregulated in the SOH subgroup, suggesting that SOH may induce the resistance of cancer cells to host immune response in GBM. In summary, SOH is significantly associated with the poor prognosis of GBM patients and is possibly mediated by pro-tumoral immunosuppression.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088811687&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85088811687&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/cells9081761
DO - 10.3390/cells9081761
M3 - Article
C2 - 32717825
AN - SCOPUS:85088811687
VL - 9
JO - Cells
JF - Cells
SN - 2073-4409
IS - 8
ER -
