Synthesis of strongly fluorescent graphene quantum dots by cage-opening buckminsterfullerene

Chun Kiang Chua; Zdeněk Sofer; Petr Šimek; Ondřej Jankovský; Kateřina Klímová; Snejana Bakardjieva; Štěpánka Hrdličková Kučková; Martin Pumera

doi:10.1021/nn505639q

Synthesis of strongly fluorescent graphene quantum dots by cage-opening buckminsterfullerene

Chun Kiang Chua, Zdeněk Sofer, Petr Šimek, Ondřej Jankovský, Kateřina Klímová, Snejana Bakardjieva, Štěpánka Hrdličková Kučková, Martin Pumera

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

205 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Graphene quantum dots is a class of graphene nanomaterials with exceptional luminescence properties. Precise dimension control of graphene quantum dots produced by chemical synthesis methods is currently difficult to achieve and usually provides a range of sizes from 3 to 25 nm. In this work, fullerene C₆₀ is used as starting material, due to its well-defined dimension, to produce very small graphene quantum dots (∼2-3 nm). Treatment of fullerene C₆₀ with a mixture of strong acid and chemical oxidant induced the oxidation, cage-opening, and fragmentation processes of fullerene C₆₀. The synthesized quantum dots were characterized and supported by LDI-TOF MS, TEM, XRD, XPS, AFM, STM, FTIR, DLS, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence analyses. The quantum dots remained fully dispersed in aqueous suspension and exhibited strong luminescence properties, with the highest intensity at 460 nm under a 340 nm excitation wavelength. Further chemical treatments with hydrazine hydrate and hydroxylamine resulted in red- and blue-shift of the luminescence, respectively.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2548-2555
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Nano
Volume	9
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/nn505639q
Publication status	Published - 2015 Mar 24

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Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 American Chemical Society.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Materials Science(all)
Engineering(all)
Physics and Astronomy(all)

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title = "Synthesis of strongly fluorescent graphene quantum dots by cage-opening buckminsterfullerene",

abstract = "Graphene quantum dots is a class of graphene nanomaterials with exceptional luminescence properties. Precise dimension control of graphene quantum dots produced by chemical synthesis methods is currently difficult to achieve and usually provides a range of sizes from 3 to 25 nm. In this work, fullerene C60 is used as starting material, due to its well-defined dimension, to produce very small graphene quantum dots (∼2-3 nm). Treatment of fullerene C60 with a mixture of strong acid and chemical oxidant induced the oxidation, cage-opening, and fragmentation processes of fullerene C60. The synthesized quantum dots were characterized and supported by LDI-TOF MS, TEM, XRD, XPS, AFM, STM, FTIR, DLS, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence analyses. The quantum dots remained fully dispersed in aqueous suspension and exhibited strong luminescence properties, with the highest intensity at 460 nm under a 340 nm excitation wavelength. Further chemical treatments with hydrazine hydrate and hydroxylamine resulted in red- and blue-shift of the luminescence, respectively.",

author = "Chua, {Chun Kiang} and Zden{\v e}k Sofer and Petr {\v S}imek and Ond{\v r}ej Jankovsk{\'y} and Kate{\v r}ina Kl{\'i}mov{\'a} and Snejana Bakardjieva and {Hrdli{\v c}kov{\'a} Ku{\v c}kov{\'a}}, {\v S}t{\v e}p{\'a}nka and Martin Pumera",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 American Chemical Society.",

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doi = "10.1021/nn505639q",

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AU - Chua, Chun Kiang

AU - Sofer, Zdeněk

AU - Šimek, Petr

AU - Jankovský, Ondřej

AU - Klímová, Kateřina

AU - Bakardjieva, Snejana

AU - Hrdličková Kučková, Štěpánka

AU - Pumera, Martin

PY - 2015/3/24

Y1 - 2015/3/24

N2 - Graphene quantum dots is a class of graphene nanomaterials with exceptional luminescence properties. Precise dimension control of graphene quantum dots produced by chemical synthesis methods is currently difficult to achieve and usually provides a range of sizes from 3 to 25 nm. In this work, fullerene C60 is used as starting material, due to its well-defined dimension, to produce very small graphene quantum dots (∼2-3 nm). Treatment of fullerene C60 with a mixture of strong acid and chemical oxidant induced the oxidation, cage-opening, and fragmentation processes of fullerene C60. The synthesized quantum dots were characterized and supported by LDI-TOF MS, TEM, XRD, XPS, AFM, STM, FTIR, DLS, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence analyses. The quantum dots remained fully dispersed in aqueous suspension and exhibited strong luminescence properties, with the highest intensity at 460 nm under a 340 nm excitation wavelength. Further chemical treatments with hydrazine hydrate and hydroxylamine resulted in red- and blue-shift of the luminescence, respectively.

AB - Graphene quantum dots is a class of graphene nanomaterials with exceptional luminescence properties. Precise dimension control of graphene quantum dots produced by chemical synthesis methods is currently difficult to achieve and usually provides a range of sizes from 3 to 25 nm. In this work, fullerene C60 is used as starting material, due to its well-defined dimension, to produce very small graphene quantum dots (∼2-3 nm). Treatment of fullerene C60 with a mixture of strong acid and chemical oxidant induced the oxidation, cage-opening, and fragmentation processes of fullerene C60. The synthesized quantum dots were characterized and supported by LDI-TOF MS, TEM, XRD, XPS, AFM, STM, FTIR, DLS, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence analyses. The quantum dots remained fully dispersed in aqueous suspension and exhibited strong luminescence properties, with the highest intensity at 460 nm under a 340 nm excitation wavelength. Further chemical treatments with hydrazine hydrate and hydroxylamine resulted in red- and blue-shift of the luminescence, respectively.

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Synthesis of strongly fluorescent graphene quantum dots by cage-opening buckminsterfullerene

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