Testing robustness of UTAUT model: An invariance analysis

In order to compare a research model accurately across different conditions, the model's measures must be invariant across them. In this study, the invariance of the UTAUT model's measures was tested along three dimensions: country, technology, and gender. Data were collected from two countries (Korea and the U.S.) for two technologies (Internet banking and MP3 players). The results show that although the UTAUT model is robust overall across different conditions, possible differences due to measurement non-invariance should be taken into account. The paper discusses implications of the study results and makes recommendations for future research.