The characterization of the nano-micro hybrid structure of titanium surface and osteoblast response to the surface

The titanium oxide layer with nano-micro hybrid structure on the titanium substrate was formed by grit-blasting and anodic oxidation treatment. A micro rough surface can be formed by grit-blasting and nanotube arrays can be formed by anodic oxidation or NaOH treatment after anodic oxidation. We investigated the surface characterization on titanium and the response of the osteoblast like cell (MG-63) to the surfaces made by different treatments. Surface structure (morphology), wettability characterized by SEM, contact angle. The attachment and proliferation behavior of MG-63 cells on the titanium surface by different surface treatments were characterized by SEM observation and MTT assay.The attachment and proliferation of osteoblast cells is accelerated by the topography of the nano structure like a nanotube, the nano surface acts as an attachment point for the filopodia of growing cells. Nano structure increases surface area and nano-micro structure significantly increases surface area. Such nano-micro hybrid structure on the titanium substrate can be useful for a well-adhered bioactive surface layer on Ti implant used metals for orthopedic and dental implants.