The exclusive lane design of public transit network considering vertical equity

A well-designed transit service in the large city can be an eco-friendly and high mobility transportation mode. While improvement of mobility and accessibility has been a main concern in an evaluation process, equity becomes another issue in transit. Equity in this study is defined as the fairness of the distribution of benefit from transit service among different income groups. It is referred as "Vertical Equity". To evaluate vertical equity, change of consumer's welfare is measured for different income groups. In this study, the network design problems considering mobility, horizontal and vertical equity is formulated in a bi-level structure. The bi-level program consists of multiobjective functions for upper level and a user equilibrium assignment model for lower level. NSGA-II finds Pareto solutions for four different scenarios, which show meaningful differences and the tradeoff effect.