Abstract
PURPOSE. Protocatechuic aldehyde (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; PCA) is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and has been reported to possess antiproliferative, antioxidant, and antiadipogenesis properties in various in vivo and in vitro experiments. This study aimed to outline the antioxidant and suppressive effects of PCA on adipogenesis and hyaluronan production in orbital fibroblasts to help with designing therapeutic approaches for Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). METHODS. We assessed the in vitro effects of PCA on orbital fibroblasts, which were cultured from orbital fat tissue obtained from patients undergoing orbital decompression for severe GO. Control tissue was obtained from patients undergoing orbital surgery with no history of GO or Graves’ hyperthyroidism. RESULTS. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt assay results confirmed the free radical scavenging effect of PCA after treatment. Protocatechuic aldehyde exhibited a suppressive effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and upregulated heme oxygenase-1 expression in Western blot analysis. Protocatechuic aldehyde attenuated TNF-α and IL-1β–induced hyaluronan production. Oil Red-O staining results revealed a decrease in lipid droplets and suppressed expression of the adipogenesis-related proteins peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)–γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (c/EBP)-α, and c/EBP-β upon treatment with PCA during adipose differentiation. CONCLUSIONS. In this study, PCA exerted significant antioxidant and antiadipogenic effects and inhibited the production of hyaluronan in GO orbital fibroblasts. Accordingly, PCA potentially could be used as a novel treatment option for GO.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 06 |
| Pages (from-to) | 4055-4062 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science |
| Volume | 57 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2016 Aug 1 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Ophthalmology
- Sensory Systems
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
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Therapeutic effect of protocatechuic aldehyde in an in vitro model of graves’ orbitopathy. / Byun, Jung Woo; Hwang, Sena; Kang, Chan Woo; Kim, Jin Hee; Chae, Min Kyung; Yoon, Jin Sook; Lee, Eun Jig.
In: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Vol. 57, No. 10, 06, 01.08.2016, p. 4055-4062.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Therapeutic effect of protocatechuic aldehyde in an in vitro model of graves’ orbitopathy
AU - Byun, Jung Woo
AU - Hwang, Sena
AU - Kang, Chan Woo
AU - Kim, Jin Hee
AU - Chae, Min Kyung
AU - Yoon, Jin Sook
AU - Lee, Eun Jig
PY - 2016/8/1
Y1 - 2016/8/1
N2 - PURPOSE. Protocatechuic aldehyde (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; PCA) is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and has been reported to possess antiproliferative, antioxidant, and antiadipogenesis properties in various in vivo and in vitro experiments. This study aimed to outline the antioxidant and suppressive effects of PCA on adipogenesis and hyaluronan production in orbital fibroblasts to help with designing therapeutic approaches for Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). METHODS. We assessed the in vitro effects of PCA on orbital fibroblasts, which were cultured from orbital fat tissue obtained from patients undergoing orbital decompression for severe GO. Control tissue was obtained from patients undergoing orbital surgery with no history of GO or Graves’ hyperthyroidism. RESULTS. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt assay results confirmed the free radical scavenging effect of PCA after treatment. Protocatechuic aldehyde exhibited a suppressive effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and upregulated heme oxygenase-1 expression in Western blot analysis. Protocatechuic aldehyde attenuated TNF-α and IL-1β–induced hyaluronan production. Oil Red-O staining results revealed a decrease in lipid droplets and suppressed expression of the adipogenesis-related proteins peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)–γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (c/EBP)-α, and c/EBP-β upon treatment with PCA during adipose differentiation. CONCLUSIONS. In this study, PCA exerted significant antioxidant and antiadipogenic effects and inhibited the production of hyaluronan in GO orbital fibroblasts. Accordingly, PCA potentially could be used as a novel treatment option for GO.
AB - PURPOSE. Protocatechuic aldehyde (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; PCA) is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and has been reported to possess antiproliferative, antioxidant, and antiadipogenesis properties in various in vivo and in vitro experiments. This study aimed to outline the antioxidant and suppressive effects of PCA on adipogenesis and hyaluronan production in orbital fibroblasts to help with designing therapeutic approaches for Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). METHODS. We assessed the in vitro effects of PCA on orbital fibroblasts, which were cultured from orbital fat tissue obtained from patients undergoing orbital decompression for severe GO. Control tissue was obtained from patients undergoing orbital surgery with no history of GO or Graves’ hyperthyroidism. RESULTS. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt assay results confirmed the free radical scavenging effect of PCA after treatment. Protocatechuic aldehyde exhibited a suppressive effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and upregulated heme oxygenase-1 expression in Western blot analysis. Protocatechuic aldehyde attenuated TNF-α and IL-1β–induced hyaluronan production. Oil Red-O staining results revealed a decrease in lipid droplets and suppressed expression of the adipogenesis-related proteins peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)–γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (c/EBP)-α, and c/EBP-β upon treatment with PCA during adipose differentiation. CONCLUSIONS. In this study, PCA exerted significant antioxidant and antiadipogenic effects and inhibited the production of hyaluronan in GO orbital fibroblasts. Accordingly, PCA potentially could be used as a novel treatment option for GO.
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U2 - 10.1167/iovs.15-19037
DO - 10.1167/iovs.15-19037
M3 - Article
C2 - 27494347
AN - SCOPUS:84983027712
VL - 57
SP - 4055
EP - 4062
JO - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
JF - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
SN - 0146-0404
IS - 10
M1 - 06
ER -