Understanding the solidification and leaching behavior of synthesized Cr-containing stainless steel slags with varying Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios

Zhanjun Wang; Il Sohn

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.12.211

Understanding the solidification and leaching behavior of synthesized Cr-containing stainless steel slags with varying Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratios

Zhanjun Wang, Il Sohn

Department of Materials Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratios on the equilibrium crystallization behavior of synthesized CaO–SiO₂–MgO–Al₂O₃–Cr₂O₃ stainless steel slags to understand the selective concentration behavior of Cr into a primary Mg(Cr,Al)₂O₄ spinel phase during slag solidification and to determine the leaching stability of Cr-containing slags. The spinel solid solution was precipitated within the temperature range of 1600-1400 °C, where the Cr/(Cr+Al) mole ratio in the Mg(Cr,Al)₂O₄ spinel phase gradually decreased for slags with higher Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratios. When the Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratio increased from 0.125 to 0.5, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase gradually decreased, with a subsequent increase in the Cr content in the crystalline phase. For slags with a unit Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratio and MgO mole percent comprising less than the combined sum of the Cr₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ mole percents, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase increased, which was correlated with the enhanced substitution of Cr³⁺ with Al³⁺ in the spinel. The trend of the amount of Cr-related ions in the leachate was consistent with the trend of Cr in the amorphous glass phase: the amount decreased for slags with Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratios from 0.125 to 5 and then increased for slags with an Al₂O₃/SiO₂ mass ratio of 1. The results suggest that the addition of appropriate amounts of Al₂O₃ to stainless steel slags could be conducive to stabilizing Cr into the primary spinel phase to minimize Cr leaching into the environment.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	10918-10926
Number of pages	9
Journal	Ceramics International
Volume	47
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.12.211
Publication status	Published - 2021 Apr 15

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the third stage of the Brain Korea 21 Plus Project of the Division of Creative Materials in 2018 and the Technology Innovation Program (Commercialization and development of new design on turbulent high temperature melting furnace (2000 tony pilot scale) and separation and (or) recovery of valuable metals from end of the xEV (ESS) battery pack) ( 20011183 ) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Ceramics and Composites
Process Chemistry and Technology
Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Materials Chemistry

Access to Document

10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.12.211

Cite this

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title = "Understanding the solidification and leaching behavior of synthesized Cr-containing stainless steel slags with varying Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios",

abstract = "This study investigated the effect of Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios on the equilibrium crystallization behavior of synthesized CaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3–Cr2O3 stainless steel slags to understand the selective concentration behavior of Cr into a primary Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase during slag solidification and to determine the leaching stability of Cr-containing slags. The spinel solid solution was precipitated within the temperature range of 1600-1400 °C, where the Cr/(Cr+Al) mole ratio in the Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase gradually decreased for slags with higher Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios. When the Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio increased from 0.125 to 0.5, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase gradually decreased, with a subsequent increase in the Cr content in the crystalline phase. For slags with a unit Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio and MgO mole percent comprising less than the combined sum of the Cr2O3 and Al2O3 mole percents, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase increased, which was correlated with the enhanced substitution of Cr3+ with Al3+ in the spinel. The trend of the amount of Cr-related ions in the leachate was consistent with the trend of Cr in the amorphous glass phase: the amount decreased for slags with Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios from 0.125 to 5 and then increased for slags with an Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio of 1. The results suggest that the addition of appropriate amounts of Al2O3 to stainless steel slags could be conducive to stabilizing Cr into the primary spinel phase to minimize Cr leaching into the environment.",

author = "Zhanjun Wang and Il Sohn",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the third stage of the Brain Korea 21 Plus Project of the Division of Creative Materials in 2018 and the Technology Innovation Program (Commercialization and development of new design on turbulent high temperature melting furnace (2000 tony pilot scale) and separation and (or) recovery of valuable metals from end of the xEV (ESS) battery pack) ( 20011183 ) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",

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AU - Sohn, Il

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the third stage of the Brain Korea 21 Plus Project of the Division of Creative Materials in 2018 and the Technology Innovation Program (Commercialization and development of new design on turbulent high temperature melting furnace (2000 tony pilot scale) and separation and (or) recovery of valuable metals from end of the xEV (ESS) battery pack) ( 20011183 ) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) . Publisher Copyright: © 2020

PY - 2021/4/15

Y1 - 2021/4/15

N2 - This study investigated the effect of Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios on the equilibrium crystallization behavior of synthesized CaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3–Cr2O3 stainless steel slags to understand the selective concentration behavior of Cr into a primary Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase during slag solidification and to determine the leaching stability of Cr-containing slags. The spinel solid solution was precipitated within the temperature range of 1600-1400 °C, where the Cr/(Cr+Al) mole ratio in the Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase gradually decreased for slags with higher Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios. When the Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio increased from 0.125 to 0.5, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase gradually decreased, with a subsequent increase in the Cr content in the crystalline phase. For slags with a unit Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio and MgO mole percent comprising less than the combined sum of the Cr2O3 and Al2O3 mole percents, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase increased, which was correlated with the enhanced substitution of Cr3+ with Al3+ in the spinel. The trend of the amount of Cr-related ions in the leachate was consistent with the trend of Cr in the amorphous glass phase: the amount decreased for slags with Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios from 0.125 to 5 and then increased for slags with an Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio of 1. The results suggest that the addition of appropriate amounts of Al2O3 to stainless steel slags could be conducive to stabilizing Cr into the primary spinel phase to minimize Cr leaching into the environment.

AB - This study investigated the effect of Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios on the equilibrium crystallization behavior of synthesized CaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3–Cr2O3 stainless steel slags to understand the selective concentration behavior of Cr into a primary Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase during slag solidification and to determine the leaching stability of Cr-containing slags. The spinel solid solution was precipitated within the temperature range of 1600-1400 °C, where the Cr/(Cr+Al) mole ratio in the Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase gradually decreased for slags with higher Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios. When the Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio increased from 0.125 to 0.5, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase gradually decreased, with a subsequent increase in the Cr content in the crystalline phase. For slags with a unit Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio and MgO mole percent comprising less than the combined sum of the Cr2O3 and Al2O3 mole percents, the Cr content in the amorphous glass phase increased, which was correlated with the enhanced substitution of Cr3+ with Al3+ in the spinel. The trend of the amount of Cr-related ions in the leachate was consistent with the trend of Cr in the amorphous glass phase: the amount decreased for slags with Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratios from 0.125 to 5 and then increased for slags with an Al2O3/SiO2 mass ratio of 1. The results suggest that the addition of appropriate amounts of Al2O3 to stainless steel slags could be conducive to stabilizing Cr into the primary spinel phase to minimize Cr leaching into the environment.

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