Unexpected discovery of superoxide radical generation by oxygen vacancies containing biomass derived granular activated carbon

Choe Earn Choong; Kien Tiek Wong; Hyeseong Kim; Seok Byum Jang; So Yeon Yoon; In Wook Nah; Wooyul Kim; Sang Hyoun Kim; Byong Hun Jeon; Yeomin Yoon; Min Jang

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116757

Unexpected discovery of superoxide radical generation by oxygen vacancies containing biomass derived granular activated carbon

Choe Earn Choong, Kien Tiek Wong, Hyeseong Kim, Seok Byum Jang, So Yeon Yoon, In Wook Nah, Wooyul Kim, Sang Hyoun Kim, Byong Hun Jeon, Yeomin Yoon, Min Jang

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Herein, we discovered and reported oxygen vacancies in silicon oxycarbide containing granular palm shell activated carbon (Si-PSAC) as a photocatalyst under UV irradiation. A strong correlation between the atomic content of Si¹⁺, oxygen vacancies and photocatalytic performance of Si-PSAC was obtained. Based on the electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence analyses, Si-PSAC under UVA₃₆₅ irradiation exhibited a higher donor density, better charge transfer and lower electron-hole recombination than that under the other light sources, leading to a higher O₂^·[sbnd] production efficiency. Si-PSAC exhibited effective removal performance for various anionic dyes and endocrine-disrupting chemicals under UVA₃₆₅ irradiation. Continuous-flow column tests revealed the life span of Si-PSAC under UVA₃₆₅ irradiation was extended by more than 16-fold compared to adsorption column. Since the oxygen vacancies can be created from the naturally present Si in the biomass derived Si-PSAC during the activation, this unexpected discovery of O₂^·[sbnd] production can extend commercially-available Si-PSAC into the full-scale photocatalysis.

Original language	English
Article number	116757
Journal	Water Research
Volume	190
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116757
Publication status	Published - 2021 Feb 15

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Research Foundation (No. 2020R1F1A1075839), Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (No. 2020002470002) and Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2020 for the financial support.

Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Research Foundation (No. 2020R1F1A1075839), Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (No. 2020002470002) and Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2020 for the financial support.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Environmental Engineering
Civil and Structural Engineering
Ecological Modelling
Water Science and Technology
Waste Management and Disposal
Pollution

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10.1016/j.watres.2020.116757

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title = "Unexpected discovery of superoxide radical generation by oxygen vacancies containing biomass derived granular activated carbon",

abstract = "Herein, we discovered and reported oxygen vacancies in silicon oxycarbide containing granular palm shell activated carbon (Si-PSAC) as a photocatalyst under UV irradiation. A strong correlation between the atomic content of Si1+, oxygen vacancies and photocatalytic performance of Si-PSAC was obtained. Based on the electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence analyses, Si-PSAC under UVA365 irradiation exhibited a higher donor density, better charge transfer and lower electron-hole recombination than that under the other light sources, leading to a higher O2·[sbnd] production efficiency. Si-PSAC exhibited effective removal performance for various anionic dyes and endocrine-disrupting chemicals under UVA365 irradiation. Continuous-flow column tests revealed the life span of Si-PSAC under UVA365 irradiation was extended by more than 16-fold compared to adsorption column. Since the oxygen vacancies can be created from the naturally present Si in the biomass derived Si-PSAC during the activation, this unexpected discovery of O2·[sbnd] production can extend commercially-available Si-PSAC into the full-scale photocatalysis.",

author = "Choong, {Choe Earn} and Wong, {Kien Tiek} and Hyeseong Kim and Jang, {Seok Byum} and Yoon, {So Yeon} and Nah, {In Wook} and Wooyul Kim and Kim, {Sang Hyoun} and Jeon, {Byong Hun} and Yeomin Yoon and Min Jang",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by National Research Foundation (No. 2020R1F1A1075839), Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (No. 2020002470002) and Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2020 for the financial support. Funding Information: This work was supported by National Research Foundation (No. 2020R1F1A1075839), Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (No. 2020002470002) and Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2020 for the financial support. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",

year = "2021",

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doi = "10.1016/j.watres.2020.116757",

language = "English",

volume = "190",

journal = "Water Research",

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T1 - Unexpected discovery of superoxide radical generation by oxygen vacancies containing biomass derived granular activated carbon

AU - Choong, Choe Earn

AU - Wong, Kien Tiek

AU - Kim, Hyeseong

AU - Jang, Seok Byum

AU - Yoon, So Yeon

AU - Nah, In Wook

AU - Kim, Wooyul

AU - Kim, Sang Hyoun

AU - Jeon, Byong Hun

AU - Yoon, Yeomin

AU - Jang, Min

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by National Research Foundation (No. 2020R1F1A1075839), Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (No. 2020002470002) and Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2020 for the financial support. Funding Information: This work was supported by National Research Foundation (No. 2020R1F1A1075839), Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (No. 2020002470002) and Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2020 for the financial support. Publisher Copyright: © 2020

PY - 2021/2/15

Y1 - 2021/2/15

N2 - Herein, we discovered and reported oxygen vacancies in silicon oxycarbide containing granular palm shell activated carbon (Si-PSAC) as a photocatalyst under UV irradiation. A strong correlation between the atomic content of Si1+, oxygen vacancies and photocatalytic performance of Si-PSAC was obtained. Based on the electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence analyses, Si-PSAC under UVA365 irradiation exhibited a higher donor density, better charge transfer and lower electron-hole recombination than that under the other light sources, leading to a higher O2·[sbnd] production efficiency. Si-PSAC exhibited effective removal performance for various anionic dyes and endocrine-disrupting chemicals under UVA365 irradiation. Continuous-flow column tests revealed the life span of Si-PSAC under UVA365 irradiation was extended by more than 16-fold compared to adsorption column. Since the oxygen vacancies can be created from the naturally present Si in the biomass derived Si-PSAC during the activation, this unexpected discovery of O2·[sbnd] production can extend commercially-available Si-PSAC into the full-scale photocatalysis.

AB - Herein, we discovered and reported oxygen vacancies in silicon oxycarbide containing granular palm shell activated carbon (Si-PSAC) as a photocatalyst under UV irradiation. A strong correlation between the atomic content of Si1+, oxygen vacancies and photocatalytic performance of Si-PSAC was obtained. Based on the electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence analyses, Si-PSAC under UVA365 irradiation exhibited a higher donor density, better charge transfer and lower electron-hole recombination than that under the other light sources, leading to a higher O2·[sbnd] production efficiency. Si-PSAC exhibited effective removal performance for various anionic dyes and endocrine-disrupting chemicals under UVA365 irradiation. Continuous-flow column tests revealed the life span of Si-PSAC under UVA365 irradiation was extended by more than 16-fold compared to adsorption column. Since the oxygen vacancies can be created from the naturally present Si in the biomass derived Si-PSAC during the activation, this unexpected discovery of O2·[sbnd] production can extend commercially-available Si-PSAC into the full-scale photocatalysis.

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Unexpected discovery of superoxide radical generation by oxygen vacancies containing biomass derived granular activated carbon

Abstract

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